Countries: Non-nuclear weapon states

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Highly enriched uranium

The IAEA's 2021 annual report lists 156 significant quantities of HEU under comprehensive safeguards in non-nuclear weapon states as of the end of 2021. Without knowing the exact enrichment levels, that means these states hold at least 3.9 tonnes of HEU, as for HEU, a significant quantity is defined as 25 kg U-235.

In INFCIRC/912 (from 2017) more than 20 states committed to reducing civilian HEU stocks and providing regular reports. So far, only 2 countries have reported under this scheme. At the end of 2018 (time of last declaration), Norway held less than 4 kg of HEU for civilian purposes. As of 30 June 2019, Australia held 2.7 kg of HEU for civilian purposes.

Plutonium

Of the non-nuclear weapon states, Japan owns the largest stock of separated plutonium. According to its 2021 declaration, it owned 45.8 tons of the material, of which 9.3 tons were located in Japan. Other countries that own separated plutonium include Spain, Switzerland, Italy, and the Netherlands, which own civilian plutonium that is stored abroad.