This post contains a summary of INFCIRC/549 reports by the countries that submit annual civilian plutonium declarations that reflect the status of civilian plutonium stocks as of 31 December 2024. The total amount of plutonium declared as civilian was about 379 tonnes, an increase of about 5 tonnes since the end of 2023. Only about 146 tonnes of this material are under international (IAEA or Euratom) safeguards. The other 232 tonnes are not safeguarded, but are covered by various obligations not to use the material for military purposes.
Japan (INFCIRC/549/Add.1-28) reported owning the total of 44.4 tonnes of plutonium, 8.6 tonnes of which is in Japan (the numbers in 2023 were 44.5 tons and 8.7 tons respectively). According to the Status Report on Plutonium Management in Japan - 2024 released in August 2025, out of the 35.8 tons of plutonium abroad, 21.713 tonnes are in the United Kingdom and 14.079 tonnes are in France.
Germany (INFCIRC/549/Add.2-28) reported having no separated plutonium in the country for the fifth year in a row. Germany does not report separated plutonium outside of the country. It is believed to be less than 1 tonne.
Belgium (INFCIRC/549/Add.3-24) declared no separated plutonium in storage or at reprocessing plants and "not zero, but less than 50 kg" of separated plutonium in other categories. It reported that it had no foreign plutonium as of 31 December 2024.
Switzerland (INFCIRC/549/Add.4-29) reported having less than 2 kg of plutonium in the country (in the "located elsewhere" category). The number has not changed since 2016 (it was "less than 50 kg" in 2015).
France (INFCIRC/549/Add.5-29) reported having 113.7 tonnes of separated unirradiated plutonium in its custody. Of this amount, 14.45 tonnes belongs to foreign countries (no change since 2023). Almost all that plutonium - 14,079 kg - belongs to Japan. The amount of plutonium owned by France is 99.25 tonnes, an increase of 3 tonnes from previous year (96.25 tonnes).
The United States (INFCIRC/549/Add.6-26) declared 49.4 tonnes of separated plutonium, of which 4.6 tons are in MOX fuel and 44.8 tons are "held elsewhere" (most of this material is believed to be in weapon components). The total amount was reported to be 49 tons in 2023. Note that the United States did not submit the 2023 report. The 2024 report, however, contains some data that refer to the 2023 amounts. The amount described as "disposed as waste" was 5.3 tonnes in 2024, an increase from 4.7 tonnes in 2022.
China has not has not submitted its 2017-2024 reports as of 2 March 2026. The last INFCIRC/549 report submitted to the IAEA showed 40.9 kg of separated plutonium as of 31 December 2016.
The United Kingdom (INFCIRC/549/Add.8-28) reported owning 116.8 tonnes of separated plutonium (no change from 2023). In addition to that, the United Kingdom stores 24.1 tonnes of foreign plutonium (of which 21.713 tonnes is owned by Japan and 1.58 tonnes by Italy). The total amount of separated plutonium in the United Kingdom is 140.9 tonnes.
Russia (INFCIRC/549/Add.9-27) reported owning 66.1 tonnes of civilian plutonium, an increase from 64.9 tonnes reported in 2023.
In addition to reporting plutonium stocks, some countries also submit data on their civilian HEU:
Germany reported 0.42 tonnes of HEU in research reactor fuel (0.39 tonnes in 2023), 0.94 tonnes of HEU in irradiated research reactor fuel, and 0.02 tonnes in the category "HEU held elsewhere."
France declared 5363 kg of HEU (5369 kg in 2023), of which 3749 kg (3801 kg) is unirradiated material - 539 kg (573 kg) of HEU at fuel fabrication or reprocessing plants, 10 kg (51 kg) at civil reactor sites, 3200 kg (3177 kg) at various research facilities. Also declared are 1614 kg (1551 kg) of irradiated HEU - 52 kg (40 kg) at civil reactor sites and 1562 kg (1528 kg) in other locations.
The United Kingdom reported having 637 kg of HEU (636 kg in 2023). Of this amount, 501 kg is unirradiated HEU (499 in 2023): less than 1 kg of unirradiated HEU is stored at the enrichment plants, less than 1 kg is at civil reactor sites, 438 kg - at fuel fabrication facilities, and 63 kg - at other sites (412 kg and 87 kg respectively in 2023). Irradiated HEU is located at civil reactor sites (5 kg) and other sites (132 kg).